[REQ-DC-084] Configure OOBE Real-Time Protection and Security Intelligence on Domain Controllers

Target Scope

• Applicable Systems: Domain Controllers.
• Operating Systems: Windows Server 2016 (and above).

Implementation Details

• Priority: Medium
• GPO Path / Registry Location:
  • GPO Path: Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Windows Defender Antivirus\Real-time Protection
  • Registry Location:
    • HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Real-Time Protection
      • OobeEnableRtpAndSigUpdate = 1 (REG_DWORD)

Rationale

Enabling real-time protection and intelligence updates during the Out-of-Box Experience (OOBE) ensures that the system is fully updated and protected before the initial administrative user signs in or connects to enterprise network nodes.

Legacy Impact & Compatibility

Negligible. Minor network traffic during initial provisioning phases.

Implementation Steps

Option A: Group Policy Object (GPO) Configuration (Preferred)

1. Navigate to: Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Windows Defender Antivirus\Real-time Protection
2. Set 'Configure real-time protection and Security Intelligence Updates during OOBE' to 'Enabled'

Option B: PowerShell & Registry Configuration (Remediation / Non-GPO)

Download Script: Configure-DefenderOobeRtp.ps1

# Configure-DefenderOobeRtp.ps1
$RtpPath = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Real-Time Protection"
if (-not (Test-Path $RtpPath)) { New-Item -Path $RtpPath -Force | Out-Null }
Set-ItemProperty -Path $RtpPath -Name "OobeEnableRtpAndSigUpdate" -Value 1 -Type DWord -Force

To audit the hardening status: Download Script: Get-DefenderOobeRtpStatus.ps1

# Get-DefenderOobeRtpStatus.ps1
$Reg = Get-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Real-Time Protection" -Name "OobeEnableRtpAndSigUpdate" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if ($Reg -and $Reg.OobeEnableRtpAndSigUpdate -eq 1) {
    Write-Output "Compliant"
    exit 0
} else {
    Write-Output "Non-Compliant"
    exit 1
}

Sources & Compliance References

• CIS Microsoft Windows Server Benchmark: Section 18.9 (Windows Defender Antivirus configuration parameters)
• ANSSI Active Directory Hardening Guide: Protective controls baselines on Domain Controllers